40 كلمة تتعلمها قبل قراءة «الأمير»
The Prince
40 كلمة يكررها نيكولو مكيافيلي في «الأمير»، وليست بين أكثر 4000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية. تعلّمها أولًا تصبح الفصول الأولى أسهل بكثير. لكل كلمة نطقها ومعناها وجملة من الكتاب.
prince/ˈpɹɪns/أمير185 مرة في الكتاب
Those who strive to obtain the good graces of a prince are accustomed to come before him with such things as they hold most precious, or in which they see him take most delight …
duke/ˈduk/دوق63 مرة في الكتاب
Machiavelli never hesitates to cite the actions of the duke for the benefit of usurpers who wish to keep the states they have seized; he can …
principality/ˌpɹɪnsɪˈpæɫɪti/إمارة44 مرة في الكتاب
All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.
whilst/ˈwaɪɫst/بينما، في حين أن38 مرة في الكتاب
… their chief aim was to appear well dressed and to speak with wit and acuteness, whilst he who could wound others the most cleverly was thought the wisest.”
ruin/ˈɹuən/دمر38 مرة في الكتاب
Julius did not rest until he had ruined Cesare.
afterwards/ˈæftɝwɝdz/أخير، بعد ذلك37 مرة في الكتاب
… after acquiring rebellious provinces a second time, they are not so lightly lost afterwards, because the prince …
kingdom/ˈkɪŋdəm/مملكة، ملك33 مرة في الكتاب
… members annexed to the hereditary state of the prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.
infantry/ˈɪnfəntɹi/مشاة، بيادة32 مرة في الكتاب
… which may be as keys to that state, for it is necessary either to do this or else to keep there a great number of cavalry and infantry.
favour/ˈfeɪvɝ/معروف، خدمة، لطف30 مرة في الكتاب
Machiavelli, when commenting on this election, says that he who thinks new favours will cause great personages to forget old injuries deceives himself.
conquer/ˈkɑŋkɝ/قهر، انتصر29 مرة في الكتاب
Therefore, he who considers both of these states will recognize great difficulties in seizing the state of the Turk, but, once it is conquered, great ease in holding it.
stat/ˈstæt/دول28 مرة في الكتاب
It is impossible to follow here the varying fortunes of the Italian states, which in 1507 were controlled by France …
valourمروءة، بسالة27 مرة في الكتاب
Thus one year after he had committed this parricide, he was strangled, together with Vitellozzo, whom he had made his leader in valour and wickedness.
cavalry/ˈkævəɫɹi/فارس، سلاح الفرسان25 مرة في الكتاب
From the above I have excepted the Turk, who always keeps round him twelve thousand infantry and fifteen thousand cavalry on which depend the security and strength of the kingdom, and it is necessary that …
lord/ˈɫɔɹd/رب22 مرة في الكتاب
… the one, that the family of their former lord is extinguished; the other …
accustom/əˈkəstəm/معتاد21 مرة في الكتاب
Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom …
emperor/ˈɛmpɝɝ/قيصر، إمبراطور21 مرة في الكتاب
… in order that they might hold the cities both for his security and his glory; as also were those emperors who, by the corruption of the soldiers …
cruelty/ˈkɹuəɫti/قسوة، وحشية20 مرة في الكتاب
… he desired to show that, if any cruelty had been practised, it had not originated with him …
compel/kəmˈpɛɫ/أكره، أجبر، اضطر20 مرة في الكتاب
… if not unmeaning: we are compelled to say that “Rome maintained friendly relations with the Ætolians,” etc., using four words to do the work of one.
fortress/ˈfɔɹtɹəs/قلعة، حصن19 مرة في الكتاب
… “my lady of Forli” of The Prince, from whose conduct and fate he drew the moral that it is far better to earn the confidence of the people than to rely on fortresses.
hatred/ˈheɪtɹəd/بغض، كراهية، كره، بغضاء19 مرة في الكتاب
… all the subject states are drawn to him, moved by the hatred which they feel against the ruling power.
hostile/ˈhɑstəɫ/معادي19 مرة في الكتاب
Thus it happens that whenever those who are hostile have the opportunity to attack they do it like partisans, whilst the others defend lukewarmly …
mercenary/ˈmɝsəˌnɛɹi/مرتزق، مؤجر18 مرة في الكتاب
I say, therefore, that the arms with which a prince defends his state are either his own, or they are mercenaries, auxiliaries, or mixed.
greatness/ˈɡɹeɪtnəs/عظمة، كبر17 مرة في الكتاب
His youth was concurrent with the greatness of Florence as an Italian power under the guidance of Lorenzo de’ Medici, Il Magnifico.
thee/ˈði/إياك16 مرة في الكتاب
… I should have laboured less, and I should have left thee, if a smaller state …
honour/ˈɑnɝ/شرف، تكريم، احترام15 مرة في الكتاب
… take pains to study letters and music, for you see what honour is done to me for the little skill I have.
liberality/ˌɫɪˌbɝˈæɫəˌti/سخاء15 مرة في الكتاب
… humanity, and liberality Scipio conformed to those things which have been written of Cyrus by Xenophon.
thou/ˈðaʊ/أنت15 مرة في الكتاب
And in order that thou shouldst not only possess the estate which thy father left, but also that which my fortune and abilities have gained …
deceive/dɪˈsiv/خدع، غش، غر15 مرة في الكتاب
… because those who had opened the gates to him, finding themselves deceived in their hopes of future benefit, would not endure the ill-treatment of the new prince.
faction/ˈfækʃən/فريق، زمرة، عصبة، فصيلة، حلقة15 مرة في الكتاب
… according to their rank, honouring them with office and command in such a way that in a few months all attachment to the factions was destroyed and turned entirely to the duke.
ambition/æmˈbɪʃən/مطمح15 مرة في الكتاب
Machiavelli’s public life was largely occupied with events arising out of the ambitions of Pope Alexander VI and his son, Cesare Borgia …
empire/ˈɛmpaɪɝ/إمبراطورية15 مرة في الكتاب
Then—to pass to a higher plane—Machiavelli reiterates that, although crimes may win an empire, they do not win glory.
glory/ˈɡɫɔɹi/مجد، جلال15 مرة في الكتاب
… where princes were made by Darius, in order that they might hold the cities both for his security and his glory; as also were those emperors who …
reproach/ɹiˈpɹoʊtʃ/تأنيب، عذل، ملامة14 مرة في الكتاب
And again, he need not make himself uneasy at incurring a reproach for those vices without which the state can only be saved with difficulty, for if everything is considered carefully …
offend/əˈfɛnd/أهان14 مرة في الكتاب
… being tasted less, they offend less; benefits ought to be given little by little …
faithful/ˈfeɪθfəɫ/وفي، مخلص14 مرة في الكتاب
… because having always kept faith I could not now learn how to break it; for he who has been faithful and honest, as I have …
dominion/dəˈmɪnjən/أراضيه13 مرة في الكتاب
… nor those of Pope Julius in ’10, unless he had been long established in his dominions.
conspiracy/kənˈspɪɹəsi/مؤامرة، مواطأة13 مرة في الكتاب
Shortly after this he was accused of complicity in an abortive conspiracy against the Medici, imprisoned, and put to the question by torture.
castle/ˈkæsəɫ/قلعة، برج، قصر12 مرة في الكتاب
The castle of Milan, built by Francesco Sforza, has made, and will make, more trouble for the house of Sforza than any other disorder in the state.
foreigner/ˈfɑɹənɝ/أجنبي، أجنبية12 مرة في الكتاب
And the usual course of affairs is that, as soon as a powerful foreigner enters a country, all the subject states are drawn to him …
goodwill/ˈɡʊdˈwɪɫ/حسن نية11 مرة في الكتاب
For, although one may be very strong in armed forces, yet in entering a province one has always need of the goodwill of the natives.
المعاني: English Wiktionary via kaikki.org, English to Arabic (CC-BY-SA) النطق: ipa-dict (MIT)، من ويكاموس.
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