Ilíada: 40 palavras para aprender antes de ler
The Iliad
As 40 palavras que Homero repete muitas vezes em «Ilíada» e que ficam fora das 4 mil mais comuns do inglês. Aprenda antes e os primeiros capítulos ficam bem mais fáceis. Cada uma vem com a pronúncia, a tradução e uma frase do livro.
spear/ˈspɪɹ/lança462 vezes no livro
Try, that others may see; if you do, my spear shall be reddened with your blood.”
armour/ˈɑɹmɝ/armadura220 vezes no livro
As when some great forest fire is raging upon a mountain top and its light is seen afar, even so as they marched the gleam of their armour flashed up into the firmament of heaven.
chariot/ˈtʃɛɹiət/biga209 vezes no livro
… give good feeds to your horses, and look your chariots carefully over, that we may do battle the livelong day …
shield/ˈʃiɫd/escudo183 vezes no livro
Whet well your spears; see well to the ordering of your shields; give good feeds to your horses …
till/ˈtɪɫ/até174 vezes no livro
A plain man cannot stand against the anger of a king, who if he swallow his displeasure now, will yet nurse revenge till he has wreaked it.
brave/ˈbɹeɪv/bravo, corajoso, valente151 vezes no livro
Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures …
bronze/ˈbɹɑnz/bronze127 vezes no livro
He will return to Olympus twelve days hence; I will then go to his mansion paved with bronze and will beseech him; nor do I doubt that I shall be able to persuade him.”
noble/ˈnoʊbəɫ/nobre125 vezes no livro
And Achilles answered, “Most noble son of Atreus, covetous beyond all mankind, how shall the Achaeans find you another prize?
mighty/ˈmaɪti/poderoso109 vezes no livro
… son of Peleus, mighty warrior that you are, that we may offer sacrifice and appease the anger of the god.”
arrow/ˈæɹoʊ/flecha, seta102 vezes no livro
… grant my prayer, and let your arrows avenge these my tears upon the Danaans.”
helmet/ˈhɛɫmət/capacete, elmo86 vezes no livro
Priam’s son, great Hector of the gleaming helmet, commanded the Trojans, and with him were arrayed by far the greater number and most valiant of those who were longing for the fray.
fleet/ˈfɫit/frota85 vezes no livro
He it was who had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius, through the prophesyings with which Phoebus Apollo had inspired him.
goddess/ˈɡɑdəs/deusa82 vezes no livro
Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans.
immortal/ˌɪˈmɔɹtəɫ/imortal75 vezes no livro
Never again can I behold such men as Pirithous and Dryas shepherd of his people, or as Caeneus, Exadius, godlike Polyphemus, and Theseus son of Aegeus, peer of the immortals.
sword/ˈsɔɹd/espada, gládio73 vezes no livro
The son of Peleus was furious, and his heart within his shaggy breast was divided whether to draw his sword, push the others aside …
honour/ˈɑnɝ/honra72 vezes no livro
I have others here who will do me honour, and above all Jove, the lord of counsel.
comrade/ˈkɑmˌɹæd/camarada, companheiro70 vezes no livro
Patroclus did as his dear comrade had bidden him.
sorrow/ˈsɑɹoʊ/tristeza, pesar, mágoa64 vezes no livro
“Of a truth,” he said, “a great sorrow has befallen the Achaean land.
lord/ˈɫɔɹd/senhor, lorde63 vezes no livro
Go home, then, with your ships and comrades to lord it over the Myrmidons.
whereonapós o que63 vezes no livro
He charged them straightly further and dismissed them, whereon they went their way sorrowfully by the seaside, till they came to the tents and ships of the Myrmidons.
lion/ˈɫaɪən/leão58 vezes no livro
Menelaus saw him thus stride out before the ranks, and was glad as a hungry lion that lights on the carcase of some goat or horned stag, and devours it there and then …
glory/ˈɡɫɔɹi/glória56 vezes no livro
Ofttimes in my father’s house have I heard you glory in that you alone of the immortals saved the son of Saturn from ruin, when the others …
goodly/ˈɡʊdɫi/belo, imponente53 vezes no livro
Tell me, then, who is yonder huge hero so great and goodly?
mortal/ˈmɔɹtəɫ/mortal52 vezes no livro
… but let them be witnesses by the blessed gods, by mortal men, and by the fierceness of Agamemnon’s anger …
fury/ˈfjʊɹi/ira, fúria, cólera51 vezes no livro
As when some mighty wave that thunders on the beach when the west wind has lashed it into fury—it has reared its head afar and now comes crashing down on the shore; it bows its arching crest high over the jagged rocks and spews its salt foam in all directions—even so did the serried phalanxes of the Danaans march steadfastly to battle.
foremost/ˈfɔɹˌmoʊst/primeiro50 vezes no livro
… not though you name Agamemnon himself, who is by far the foremost of the Achaeans.”
weep/ˈwip/chorar, lacrimejar49 vezes no livro
Then Achilles went all alone by the side of the hoar sea, weeping and looking out upon the boundless waste of waters.
fierce/ˈfɪɹs/feroz, ferrenho, impetuoso49 vezes no livro
These were the mightiest men ever born upon this earth: mightiest were they, and when they fought the fiercest tribes of mountain savages they utterly overthrew them.
dart/ˈdɑɹt/dardo48 vezes no livro
Then the god sent a deadly dart upon the Argives, and the people died thick on one another, for the arrows went everywhither among the wide host of the Achaeans.
valiant/ˈvæɫjənt/valente47 vezes no livro
Then Agamemnon said, “Achilles, valiant though you be, you shall not thus outwit me.
sack/ˈsæk/saque46 vezes no livro
… “and all other Achaeans, may the gods who dwell in Olympus grant you to sack the city of Priam, and to reach your homes in safety …
vouchsafepermitir40 vezes no livro
… may we not now leave the Trojans and Achaeans to fight it out, and see to which of the two Jove will vouchsafe the victory?
hither/ˈhɪðɝ/para cá, acá39 vezes no livro
… son of Peleus; take Briseis by the hand and bring her hither; if he will not give her I shall come with others and take her—which will press him harder.”
ransom/ˈɹænsəm/resgate39 vezes no livro
Now Chryses had come to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and had brought with him a great ransom: moreover he bore in his hand the sceptre of Apollo wreathed with a suppliant’s wreath …
aegis/ˈidʒəs/égide38 vezes no livro
“Why are you here,” said he, “daughter of aegis-bearing Jove?
pierce/ˈpɪɹs/furar, perfurar38 vezes no livro
Grant that my sword may pierce the shirt of Hector about his heart, and that full many of his comrades may bite the dust as they fall dying round him.”
perish/ˈpɛɹɪʃ/morrer, perecer37 vezes no livro
Let the Achaeans be hemmed in at the sterns of their ships, and perish on the sea-shore, that they may reap what joy they may of their king …
rein/ˈɹeɪn/rédea37 vezes no livro
He mounted the chariot, gathered the reins in his hand, and Antenor took his seat beside him; they then drove through the Scaean gates on to the plain.
spoil/ˈspɔɪɫ/butim, espólio, pilhagem37 vezes no livro
We went to Thebe the strong city of Eetion, sacked it, and brought hither the spoil.
sheep/ˈʃip/ovelha37 vezes no livro
And those that held Phylace and the flowery meadows of Pyrasus, sanctuary of Ceres; Iton, the mother of sheep; Antrum upon the sea, and Pteleum that lies upon the grass lands.
Traduções: WikDict, English to Portuguese (Wiktionary, CC-BY-SA) Pronúncia: ipa-dict (MIT), a partir do Wikcionário.
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