读《神曲：地狱篇》前要掌握的40个英文单词
Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell
但丁·阿利吉耶里在《神曲：地狱篇》中反复使用、又不在英语最常用4000词之内的40个单词。先学会它们，前几章会读得轻松很多。每个单词都附有音标、释义和原书例句。
thou/ˈðaʊ/汝, 你, 尔书中出现329次
“Whiche’er thou art, or shade or real man!”
thee/ˈði/你书中出现156次
And lead thee hence through the eternal place,
unto/ˈəntu/到, 对, 直到书中出现116次
“Have pity on me,” unto him I cried,
doth/ˈdɔθ/助动词, 构成强调书中出现57次
For she doth make my veins and pulses tremble.”
descend/dɪˈsɛnd/下降, 世代相传, 屈尊书中出现39次
The here descending down into this centre,
behold/bɪˈhoʊɫd/看到, 注视书中出现32次
Turn itself back to re-behold the pass
downward/ˈdaʊnwɝd/向下的书中出现28次
While I was rushing downward to the lowland,
weep/ˈwip/哭, 哭泣书中出现26次
Who weeps in all his thoughts and is despondent,
thine/ˈðaɪn/你的东西, 你的书中出现23次
To the adventure, with these words of thine,
crag/ˈkɹæɡ/峭壁, 危岩书中出现21次
Shall not prevent thy going down this crag.”
wholly/ˈhoʊɫi/完全地, 整个, 统统书中出现21次
Cometh before him, wholly it confesses;
depart/dɪˈpɑɹt/离开, 出发, 背离书中出现20次
Day was departing, and the embrowned air
moat/ˈmoʊt/壕沟, 护城河书中出现19次
Then we arrived within the moats profound,
torment/ˈtɔɹˌmɛnt/使人痛苦的东西, 折磨者, 苦痛书中出现19次
And this arose from sorrow without torment,
wont/ˈwoʊnt/惯常的, 易于...的书中出现17次
Who’rt wont to be a comfort to my fears?”
onward/ˈɔnwɝd/向前, 前进, 在先书中出现17次
So did my soul, that still was fleeing onward,
whence/ˈhwɛns/从何处, 出于什么原因, 从哪个书中出现16次
There from whence envy first did let her loose.
thyself/ˌðaɪˈsɛɫf/你自己书中出现16次
Consume within thyself with thine own rage.
lament/ɫəˈmɛnt/悲叹, 悔恨, 恸哭书中出现15次
To these, that maketh them lament so sore?”
boil/ˈbɔɪɫ/煮沸, 沸腾, 疖书中出现15次
Near to a fount that boils, and pours itself
serpent/ˈsɝpənt/巨蛇座, 蛇, 蛇形管书中出现14次
Which hidden is, as in the grass a serpent.
upward/ˈəpwɝd/向上的书中出现14次
It hither, thither, downward, upward, drives them;
honour/ˈɑnɝ/荣誉, 头衔, 信用书中出现13次
“O, of the other poets honour and light,
thrust/ˈθɹəst/插入, 猛推, 刺书中出现13次
As grades he wishes it should be thrust down.
beast/ˈbist/畜生, 动物, 野兽书中出现13次
The variegated skin of that wild beast,
dolorous忧伤的, 悲痛的书中出现12次
Thou shalt behold the people dolorous
se/ˈseɪ/看见书中出现12次
That, as thou seest, it doth not yet desert me;
disdain/dɪsˈdeɪn/蔑视, 鄙弃书中出现12次
Misericord and Justice both disdain them.
weary/ˈwɪɹi/疲倦的, 萎靡的, 厌倦的书中出现12次
After my weary body I had rested,
eternal/iˈtɝnəɫ/永恒的, 永远的, 不灭的书中出现12次
Through me the way is to eternal dole;
colour/ˈkəɫɝ/颜色, 面色, 颜料书中出现11次
These words in sombre colour I beheld
sinner/ˈsɪnɝ/罪人, 不知礼仪的人, 无赖书中出现11次
Down at the bottom were the sinners naked;
vain/ˈveɪn/无价值的, 徒然的, 空虚的书中出现11次
“Phlegyas, Phlegyas, thou criest out in vain
demon/ˈdimən/魔鬼书中出现11次
Charon the demon, with the eyes of glede,
backward/ˈbækwɝd/向后地, 相反地书中出现11次
Each one turned backward, rolling retrograde,
conceal/kənˈsiɫ/隐藏, 掩盖, 隐瞒书中出现11次
If reek of the morass conceal it not.”
lamentation悲叹, 哀悼书中出现10次
Where thou shalt hear the desperate lamentations,
countenance/ˈkaʊntənəns/面容, 面部表情, 支持书中出现10次
Of great authority in their countenance;
lofty/ˈɫɔfti/高的, 傲慢的, 崇高的书中出现10次
There is his city and his lofty throne;
pity/ˈpɪti/遗憾, 同情, 怜悯书中出现10次
Dost thou not hear the pity of his plaint?
释义：ECDICT, English to Chinese (MIT) 音标：ipa-dict（MIT），来自维基词典。
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