「オデュッセイア」を読む前に覚えたい英単語40
The Odyssey
ホメロスが「オデュッセイア」で何度も使う、英語の頻出4,000語に入らない40語です。先に覚えておくと、最初の章がずっと読みやすくなります。各単語に発音記号、意味、本文の例文をつけました。
suitor/ˈsutɝ/求婚者本文に230回
There she found the lordly suitors seated on hides of the oxen which they had killed and eaten, and playing draughts in front of the house.
till/ˈtɪɫ/…まで[ずっと]本文に155回
… I know you want to be getting on with your voyage, but stay a little longer till you have taken a bath and refreshed yourself.
sail/ˈseɪɫ/出航する本文に86回
You are indeed wonderfully like him about the head and eyes, for we were close friends before he set sail for Troy where the flower of all the Argives went also.
sheep/ˈʃip/羊本文に68回
… and lie in two halves, the one looking West and the other East.[1] He had gone there to accept a hecatomb of sheep and oxen, and was enjoying himself at his festival …
spear/ˈspɪɹ/やり本文に65回
He took her right hand in his own, and bade her give him her spear.
maid/ˈmeɪd/お手伝いさん, 女中本文に63回
A maid servant then brought them water in a beautiful golden ewer and poured it into a silver basin for them to wash their hands, and she drew a clean table beside them.
cloister/ˈkɫɔɪstɝ/回廊, 柱廊本文に60回
When she reached the suitors she stood by one of the bearing posts that supported the roof of the cloisters[8] with a staid maiden on either side of her.
swineherd豚飼い, 養豚者本文に59回
They thought he was only away somewhere on the farms, and was with the sheep, or with the swineherd; so Antinous said, “When did he go?
cloak/ˈkɫoʊk/そでなし外とう, マント本文に57回
Do you think I am so poor and short of clothes, or that I have so few cloaks and as to be unable to find comfortable beds both for myself and for my guests?
whereon=whereupon本文に55回
“This was what she said, and we assented; whereon we could see her working on her great web all day long, but at night she would unpick the stitches again by torchlight.
goddess/ˈɡɑdəs/女神本文に53回
… though he was longing to return to his wife and country, was detained by the goddess Calypso, who had got him into a large cave and wanted to marry him.
immortal/ˌɪˈmɔɹtəɫ/ギリシア・ローマの神々本文に46回
How can I forget Ulysses than whom there is no more capable man on earth, nor more liberal in his offerings to the immortal gods that live in heaven?
sorrow/ˈsɑɹoʊ/悲しみ, 悲哀, 悲嘆本文に45回
“My friend,” answered Nestor, “you recall a time of much sorrow to my mind, for the brave Achaeans suffered much both at sea …
brave/ˈbɹeɪv/勇敢な, 勇ましい本文に40回
He was sitting moodily among the suitors thinking about his brave father, and how he would send them flying out of the house …
goat/ˈɡoʊt/ヤギ本文に40回
… sheep, and fat goats for their banquets, and never giving so much as a thought to the quantity of wine they drink.
sword/ˈsɔɹd/刀, 剣本文に40回
He bound his sandals on to his comely feet, girded his sword about his shoulder, and left his room looking like an immortal god.
sacrifice/ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/いけにえをささげること本文に38回
You, sir, take no heed of this, and yet when Ulysses was before Troy did he not propitiate you with many a burnt sacrifice?
feast/ˈfist/祝宴, 宴会本文に37回
But tell me, and tell me true, what is the meaning of all this feasting, and who are these people?
weep/ˈwip/涙を流す, 泣く本文に36回
She held a veil, moreover, before her face, and was weeping bitterly.
supper/ˈsəpɝ/夕食本文に36回
… of course, and show the strangers in that they may have supper; you and I have staid often enough at other people’s houses before we got back here …
arrow/ˈæɹoʊ/矢本文に36回
He was then coming from Ephyra, where he had been to beg poison for his arrows from Ilus, son of Mermerus.
voyage/ˈvɔɪədʒ/航海, 航行本文に35回
I have come here with my ship and crew, on a voyage to men of a foreign tongue being bound for Temesa[4] with a cargo of iron, and I shall bring back copper.
armour/ˈɑɹmɝ/よろい, よろいかぶと本文に33回
… and spread the white sails aloft, while their fine servants brought them their armour.
noble/ˈnoʊbəɫ/高潔な, 気高い本文に32回
The Achaeans will find you in everything—a ship and a picked crew to boot—so that you can set sail for Pylos at once and get news of your noble father.”
wicked/ˈwɪkəd/悪い, 邪悪な, 不正な本文に30回
I would obey you, but the Achaeans, and more particularly the wicked suitors, are hindering me that I cannot do so.”
bronze/ˈbɹɑnz/青銅, ブロンズ本文に29回
But Telemachus went down into the lofty and spacious store-room where his father’s treasure of gold and bronze lay heaped up upon the floor, and where the linen and spare clothes were kept in open chests.
bard/ˈbɑɹd/詩人本文に27回
“Mother,” answered Telemachus, “let the bard sing what he has a mind to; bards do not make the ills they sing of …
harbour/ˈhɑɹbɝ/港本文に26回
… it lies over yonder off the open country away from the town, in the harbour Rheithron[5] under the wooded mountain Neritum.[6] Our fathers were friends before us, as old Laertes will tell you …
mast/ˈmæst/マスト, 帆柱本文に26回
They set the mast in its socket in the cross plank, raised it …
perish/ˈpɛɹɪʃ/消滅する, 滅びる, 消える本文に26回
… but do what he might he could not save his men, for they perished through their own sheer folly in eating the cattle of the Sun-god Hyperion; so the god prevented them from ever reaching home.
presently/ˈpɹɛzəntɫi/やがて, まもなく本文に26回
No matter how far out of the world you live, you will have heard of Agamemnon and the bad end he came to at the hands of Aegisthus—and a fearful reckoning did Aegisthus presently pay.
grieve/ˈɡɹiv/悲しむ, 嘆く本文に25回
I often grieve, as I sit here in my house, for one and all of them.
mortal/ˈmɔɹtəɫ/人間の, 現世の本文に25回
… but the gods in their displeasure have willed it otherwise, and have hidden him away more closely than mortal man was ever yet hidden.
fetch/ˈfɛtʃ/を取って来る本文に25回
… and offered them many good things of what there was in the house, the carver fetched them plates of all manner of meats and set cups of gold by their side, and a manservant brought them wine and poured it out for them.
spite/ˈspaɪt/悪意, 意地悪本文に25回
… he let him get safe out of the water, and in spite of all Minerva’s hatred he would have escaped death, if he had not ruined himself by boasting.
bless/ˈbɫɛs/に授ける, 恵む本文に25回
One can soon see when a man is son to one whom heaven has blessed both as regards wife and offspring—and it has blessed Nestor from first to last all his days, giving him a green old age in his own house …
mischief/ˈmɪstʃəf/害, 危害, 損害本文に24回
“Hear me, men of Ithaca, and I speak more particularly to the suitors, for I see mischief brewing for them.
escort/ˈɛskɔɹt/に付き添って行く本文に23回
… you can have horses, and here are my sons who can escort you to Lacedaemon where Menelaus lives.
distress/dɪˈstɹɛs/を苦しめる, 苦悩させる本文に23回
Our ambuscade would have been intolerable, for the stench of the fishy seals was most distressing[45]—who would go to bed with a sea monster if he could help it?—but here, too …
flock/ˈfɫɑk/群がる本文に22回
With these words she made them all want to come, and they flocked to the assembly till seats and standing room were alike crowded.
意味：EJDict-hand, English to Japanese (public domain) 発音記号：ipa-dict（MIT）、Wiktionaryより。
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