读《奥德赛》前要掌握的40个英文单词
The Odyssey
荷马在《奥德赛》中反复使用、又不在英语最常用4000词之内的40个单词。先学会它们，前几章会读得轻松很多。每个单词都附有音标、释义和原书例句。
suitor/ˈsutɝ/起诉者, 请愿者, 求婚者书中出现230次
There she found the lordly suitors seated on hides of the oxen which they had killed and eaten, and playing draughts in front of the house.
till/ˈtɪɫ/直到...为止书中出现155次
… I know you want to be getting on with your voyage, but stay a little longer till you have taken a bath and refreshed yourself.
sail/ˈseɪɫ/航行, 启航, 张帆而行书中出现86次
You are indeed wonderfully like him about the head and eyes, for we were close friends before he set sail for Troy where the flower of all the Argives went also.
sheep/ˈʃip/羊, 胆小者书中出现68次
… and lie in two halves, the one looking West and the other East.[1] He had gone there to accept a hecatomb of sheep and oxen, and was enjoying himself at his festival …
spear/ˈspɪɹ/矛, 枪, 持矛者书中出现65次
He took her right hand in his own, and bade her give him her spear.
maid/ˈmeɪd/少女, 未婚女子, 女仆书中出现63次
A maid servant then brought them water in a beautiful golden ewer and poured it into a silver basin for them to wash their hands, and she drew a clean table beside them.
cloister/ˈkɫɔɪstɝ/修道院, 回廊书中出现60次
When she reached the suitors she stood by one of the bearing posts that supported the roof of the cloisters[8] with a staid maiden on either side of her.
swineherd养猪人书中出现59次
They thought he was only away somewhere on the farms, and was with the sheep, or with the swineherd; so Antinous said, “When did he go?
cloak/ˈkɫoʊk/斗蓬, 大氅, 掩护书中出现57次
Do you think I am so poor and short of clothes, or that I have so few cloaks and as to be unable to find comfortable beds both for myself and for my guests?
whereon在什么上面, 在那上面书中出现55次
“This was what she said, and we assented; whereon we could see her working on her great web all day long, but at night she would unpick the stitches again by torchlight.
goddess/ˈɡɑdəs/女神, 美女, 受崇拜的女性书中出现53次
… though he was longing to return to his wife and country, was detained by the goddess Calypso, who had got him into a large cave and wanted to marry him.
immortal/ˌɪˈmɔɹtəɫ/永远的, 不死的, 长久的书中出现46次
How can I forget Ulysses than whom there is no more capable man on earth, nor more liberal in his offerings to the immortal gods that live in heaven?
sorrow/ˈsɑɹoʊ/悲伤, 哀惜, 不幸书中出现45次
“My friend,” answered Nestor, “you recall a time of much sorrow to my mind, for the brave Achaeans suffered much both at sea …
brave/ˈbɹeɪv/勇敢的, 美好的, 华丽的书中出现40次
He was sitting moodily among the suitors thinking about his brave father, and how he would send them flying out of the house …
goat/ˈɡoʊt/山羊, 替罪羊, 色鬼书中出现40次
… sheep, and fat goats for their banquets, and never giving so much as a thought to the quantity of wine they drink.
sword/ˈsɔɹd/刀, 剑, 战争书中出现40次
He bound his sandals on to his comely feet, girded his sword about his shoulder, and left his room looking like an immortal god.
sacrifice/ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/牺牲, 供奉, 祭品书中出现38次
You, sir, take no heed of this, and yet when Ulysses was before Troy did he not propitiate you with many a burnt sacrifice?
feast/ˈfist/宴会, 酒席, 享受书中出现37次
But tell me, and tell me true, what is the meaning of all this feasting, and who are these people?
weep/ˈwip/哭泣, 流泪, 哀悼书中出现36次
She held a veil, moreover, before her face, and was weeping bitterly.
supper/ˈsəpɝ/晚餐书中出现36次
… of course, and show the strangers in that they may have supper; you and I have staid often enough at other people’s houses before we got back here …
arrow/ˈæɹoʊ/箭, 箭状物, 箭头记号书中出现36次
He was then coming from Ephyra, where he had been to beg poison for his arrows from Ilus, son of Mermerus.
voyage/ˈvɔɪədʒ/航行, 航海, 航程书中出现35次
I have come here with my ship and crew, on a voyage to men of a foreign tongue being bound for Temesa[4] with a cargo of iron, and I shall bring back copper.
armour/ˈɑɹmɝ/甲胄, 装甲, 潜水服书中出现33次
… and spread the white sails aloft, while their fine servants brought them their armour.
noble/ˈnoʊbəɫ/高贵的, 高尚的, 贵族的书中出现32次
The Achaeans will find you in everything—a ship and a picked crew to boot—so that you can set sail for Pylos at once and get news of your noble father.”
wicked/ˈwɪkəd/坏的, 邪恶的, 缺德的书中出现30次
I would obey you, but the Achaeans, and more particularly the wicked suitors, are hindering me that I cannot do so.”
bronze/ˈbɹɑnz/青铜, 铜像书中出现29次
But Telemachus went down into the lofty and spacious store-room where his father’s treasure of gold and bronze lay heaped up upon the floor, and where the linen and spare clothes were kept in open chests.
bard/ˈbɑɹd/吟游诗人, 诗人书中出现27次
“Mother,” answered Telemachus, “let the bard sing what he has a mind to; bards do not make the ills they sing of …
harbour/ˈhɑɹbɝ/港, 避难所书中出现26次
… it lies over yonder off the open country away from the town, in the harbour Rheithron[5] under the wooded mountain Neritum.[6] Our fathers were friends before us, as old Laertes will tell you …
mast/ˈmæst/桅, 桅杆, 杆书中出现26次
They set the mast in its socket in the cross plank, raised it …
perish/ˈpɛɹɪʃ/毁灭, 丧生, 凋谢书中出现26次
… but do what he might he could not save his men, for they perished through their own sheer folly in eating the cattle of the Sun-god Hyperion; so the god prevented them from ever reaching home.
presently/ˈpɹɛzəntɫi/目前, 不久书中出现26次
No matter how far out of the world you live, you will have heard of Agamemnon and the bad end he came to at the hands of Aegisthus—and a fearful reckoning did Aegisthus presently pay.
grieve/ˈɡɹiv/悲痛, 伤心书中出现25次
I often grieve, as I sit here in my house, for one and all of them.
mortal/ˈmɔɹtəɫ/不免一死的, 人类的, 临终的书中出现25次
… but the gods in their displeasure have willed it otherwise, and have hidden him away more closely than mortal man was ever yet hidden.
fetch/ˈfɛtʃ/接来, 取来, 售得书中出现25次
… and offered them many good things of what there was in the house, the carver fetched them plates of all manner of meats and set cups of gold by their side, and a manservant brought them wine and poured it out for them.
spite/ˈspaɪt/恶意, 怨恨, 使人烦恼的事物书中出现25次
… he let him get safe out of the water, and in spite of all Minerva’s hatred he would have escaped death, if he had not ruined himself by boasting.
bless/ˈbɫɛs/祝福, 祈佑, 使神圣化书中出现25次
One can soon see when a man is son to one whom heaven has blessed both as regards wife and offspring—and it has blessed Nestor from first to last all his days, giving him a green old age in his own house …
mischief/ˈmɪstʃəf/损害, 伤害, 灾祸书中出现24次
“Hear me, men of Ithaca, and I speak more particularly to the suitors, for I see mischief brewing for them.
escort/ˈɛskɔɹt/护卫, 护送书中出现23次
… you can have horses, and here are my sons who can escort you to Lacedaemon where Menelaus lives.
distress/dɪˈstɹɛs/使苦恼书中出现23次
Our ambuscade would have been intolerable, for the stench of the fishy seals was most distressing[45]—who would go to bed with a sea monster if he could help it?—but here, too …
flock/ˈfɫɑk/成群而行, 聚集书中出现22次
With these words she made them all want to come, and they flocked to the assembly till seats and standing room were alike crowded.
释义：ECDICT, English to Chinese (MIT) 音标：ipa-dict（MIT），来自维基词典。
免费阅读全书逐句翻译，自然语音，一键词典