«Басни Эзопа»: 40 слов, которые стоит выучить перед чтением
Aesop's Fables; a new translation
40 слов из книги «Басни Эзопа» (Эзоп): автор повторяет их снова и снова, а в 4000 самых частых слов английского они не входят. Выучите их заранее, и первые главы пойдут гораздо легче. У каждого слова есть транскрипция, перевод и предложение из книги.
beast/ˈbist/зверь, бестия, животное31 раз в книге
It is odd to note that both the great slaves told their best stories about beasts and birds.
flock/ˈfɫɑk/стадо, отара22 раза в книге
A Wolf came upon a Lamb straying from the flock, and felt some compunction about taking the life of so helpless a creature without some plausible excuse …
sooner/ˈsunɝ/скоряе21 раз в книге
… and killed and devoured them daily: and sooner than endure such persecution any longer, they one and all determined to end their miserable lives.
till/ˈtɪɫ/до, до тех пор пока20 раз в книге
But one of the Dolphins said to him contemptuously, "We would rather go on fighting till we're all killed than be reconciled by a Sprat like you!"
lion/ˈɫaɪən/лев, львица19 раз в книге
The lion must always be stronger than the wolf, just as four is always double of two.
sheep/ˈʃip/овца, овечка17 раз в книге
The sheep in a fable must march on, as the pawn in chess must march on.
disgust/dɪsˈɡəst/вызвать отвращение, вызывать отвращение14 раз в книге
… that's mine," and stretched out his hand eagerly for the prize: but Mercury was so disgusted at his dishonesty that he not only declined to give him the golden axe, but also refused to recover for him the one he had let fall into the stream.
presently/ˈpɹɛzəntɫi/вскоре, скоро14 раз в книге
So he went and began to fell a tree at the edge of the river, and presently contrived to let his axe drop into the water.
devour/dɪˈvaʊɝ/жрать, лопать13 раз в книге
"Well, anyhow," said the Wolf, "I'm not going without my dinner": and he sprang upon the Lamb and devoured it without more ado.
wolf/ˈwʊɫf/волк, волчица13 раз в книге
The wolf will be always wolfish; the fox will be always foxy.
sacrifice/ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/приносить в жертву божеству жертвовать, пожертвовать, принести в жертву13 раз в книге
… and leave me quite bare, I shall produce wine enough to pour over you when you are led to the altar to be sacrificed."
nest/ˈnɛst/гнездиться, гнездоваться11 раз в книге
A Lark nested in a field of corn, and was rearing her brood under cover of the ripening grain.
hare/ˈhɛɹ/заяц, зайчиха10 раз в книге
As soon as he had recovered the use of them, the Eagle flew out and caught a hare, which he brought home and presented to his benefactor.
quarrel/ˈkwɔɹəɫ/браниться, препираться, ругаться10 раз в книге
The Dolphins quarrelled with the Whales, and before very long they began fighting with one another.
crow/ˈkɹoʊ/кукарекать10 раз в книге
For what happened was that their Mistress, not hearing the cock crow as usual, waked them up earlier than ever, and set them to work in the middle of the night.
sting/ˈstɪŋ/укус насекомое|насекомого10 раз в книге
She said she would be very grateful if he would give stings to the bees, to kill people who robbed them of their honey.
prey/ˈpɹeɪ/добыча, пожива, приз10 раз в книге
… dogs, birds and beasts of prey were all their enemies, and killed and devoured them daily …
afterwards/ˈæftɝwɝdz/после, потом, впоследствии9 раз в книге
In such cases there is always some central man who had first the trouble of collecting them, and afterwards the fame of creating them.
frighten/ˈfɹaɪtən/испугать, напугать, пугать9 раз в книге
They hadn't gone far before they saw a Lion coming their way, at which they were both dreadfully frightened.
goat/ˈɡoʊt/козёл, коза9 раз в книге
In course of time they came to a cave in which there were a number of wild goats.
spare/ˈspɛɹ/миловать, помиловать, пощадить9 раз в книге
The Mouse, terrified, piteously entreated him to spare its life.
cure/ˈkjʊɹ/лечить, вылечить, излечить9 раз в книге
… after consulting a Doctor, made an agreement with him in the presence of witnesses that she should pay him a high fee if he cured her, while if he failed he was to receive nothing.
neighbour/ˈneɪbɝ/сосед, соседка8 раз в книге
We may often be of more consequence in our own eyes than in the eyes of our neighbours.
plough/ˈpɫaʊ/пахать8 раз в книге
A Farmer was ploughing one day on his farm when he turned up a pot of golden coins with his plough.
fable/ˈfeɪbəɫ/басня, байка, притча8 раз в книге
But the fable and the fairy tale are things utterly distinct.
envy/ˈɛnvi/зависть8 раз в книге
When the Woodman told the story to his companions, one of these was filled with envy of his good fortune and determined to try his luck for himself.
starve/ˈstɑɹv/умирать от голод|голода, голодать, изголодаться8 раз в книге
"The beasts are starving," he cried; "here, give them more hay, and put plenty of litter under them."
fetch/ˈfɛtʃ/ехать, принести, приносить8 раз в книге
Thinking that summer had come, and that he could now do without his coat, he went and sold it for what it would fetch.
insult/ˈɪnˌsəɫt/оскорблять, обидеть, обижать8 раз в книге
… sirrah, you grossly insulted me."
feast/ˈfist/пировать8 раз в книге
… and he soon finished him off, and then at his leisure proceeded to feast upon the Ass.
accordingly/əˈkɔɹdɪŋɫi/соответственно8 раз в книге
The Doctor accordingly prescribed a course of treatment, and every time he paid her a visit he took away with him some article out of the house …
meadow/ˈmɛˌdoʊ/луг, поляна8 раз в книге
An old Peasant was sitting in a meadow watching his Ass, which was grazing close by, when all of a sudden he caught sight of armed men stealthily approaching.
thief/ˈθif/вор, воришка, воровка8 раз в книге
… he made a vow that, if he should discover the thief, he would sacrifice a calf to Jupiter.
feather/ˈfɛðɝ/перо8 раз в книге
Once put a thing on two legs instead of four and pluck it of feathers and you cannot help asking for a human being, either heroic …
traveller/ˈtɹævəɫɝ/путник, путница, путешественник7 раз в книге
At last they agreed to try their powers upon a traveller, to see which could soonest strip him of his cloak.
bitten/ˈbɪtən/надкушенный7 раз в книге
snapped the Wolf, baring his teeth as he spoke; "you can go about boasting that you once put your head into a Wolf's mouth and didn't get it bitten off.
oats/ˈoʊts/овёс7 раз в книге
There was once a Groom who used to spend long hours clipping and combing the Horse of which he had charge, but who daily stole a portion of his allowance of oats, and sold it for his own profit.
shepherd/ˈʃɛpɝd/пастух, овчар, пастырь7 раз в книге
He completely deceived the shepherd, and when the flock was penned for the night he was shut in with the rest.
cock/ˈkɑk/курок7 раз в книге
… but when it comes to flying I can soar into the clouds, whereas you are confined to the earth like any dunghill cock."
gratitude/ˈɡɹætəˌtud/благодарность, признательность7 раз в книге
… but not one of them noticed the presence of the Stag, who accordingly began to congratulate himself on his escape and to express his gratitude to the Oxen.
Переводы: WikDict, English to Russian (Wiktionary, CC-BY-SA), with the Mueller dictionary for words it lacks Транскрипция: ipa-dict (MIT), по данным Викисловаря.
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