«Братья Карамазовы»: 40 слов, которые стоит выучить перед чтением
The Brothers Karamazov
40 слов из книги «Братья Карамазовы» (Fyodor Dostoevsky): автор повторяет их снова и снова, а в 4000 самых частых слов английского они не входят. Выучите их заранее, и первые главы пойдут гораздо легче. У каждого слова есть транскрипция, перевод и предложение из книги.
elder/ˈɛɫdɝ/старший226 раз в книге
At her death almost exactly the same thing happened to the two little boys as to their elder brother, Mitya.
monk/ˈməŋk/монах175 раз в книге
In the evening of the same day he got drunk and abused the monks to Alyosha.
till/ˈtɪɫ/до, до тех пор пока153 раза в книге
… and so that all be spent on them exclusively, with the condition that it be so portioned out as to last till they are twenty-one, for it is more than adequate provision for such children.
peasant/ˈpɛzənt/крестьянин, крестьянка, селянин148 раз в книге
… kept in terror from her childhood, fell into that kind of nervous disease which is most frequently found in peasant women who are said to be “possessed by devils.”
afterwards/ˈæftɝwɝdz/после, потом, впоследствии143 раза в книге
He lived for many years afterwards abroad, but was at that time quite a young man …
monastery/ˈmɑnəˌstɛɹi/монастырь132 раза в книге
His splendid estate lay on the outskirts of our little town and bordered on the lands of our famous monastery, with which Pyotr Alexandrovitch began an endless lawsuit …
scoundrel/ˈskaʊndɹəɫ/мерзавец, выродок, гадина89 раз в книге
An attractive theory for scoundrels!
exclaim/ɪkˈskɫeɪm/воскликнуть, восклицать, вскрикивать88 раз в книге
exclaimed Dmitri furiously.
devil/ˈdɛvəɫ/чёрт, бес, дьявол87 раз в книге
It’s impossible, I think, for the devils to forget to drag me down to hell with their hooks when I die.
ashamed/əˈʃeɪmd/пристыженный, совестно, стыдно82 раза в книге
… and he seemed to be expecting something, ashamed about something, while his brother Ivan …
spite/ˈspaɪt/враждебность, злость, недоброжелательность80 раз в книге
… that Fyodor Pavlovitch, in spite of his parasitic position, was one of the bold and ironical spirits of that progressive epoch …
contrary/ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/противоположный78 раз в книге
… but not from shyness or a sullen unsociability; quite the contrary, from something different …
haste/ˈheɪst/спешка76 раз в книге
… but as the latter had no family of his own, and after securing the revenues of his estates was in haste to return at once to Paris, he left the boy in charge of one of his cousins …
mutter/ˈmətɝ/бормотать, бубнить, бурчать74 раза в книге
Miüsov had time to mutter again.
bless/ˈbɫɛs/благословить, благословлять74 раза в книге
… as it were, all over when the elder came out to the gates of the hermitage into the waiting crowd of pilgrims of the humbler class who had flocked from all parts of Russia on purpose to see the elder and obtain his blessing.
insult/ˈɪnˌsəɫt/оскорбление, обида73 раза в книге
She was still alive, and had not, all those eight years, forgotten the insult done her.
fond/ˈfɑnd/любить, нравиться73 раза в книге
He had known Proudhon and Bakunin personally, and in his declining years was very fond of describing the three days of the Paris Revolution of February 1848, hinting that he himself had almost taken part in the fighting on the barricades.
delight/dɪˈɫaɪt/восторг, наслаждение, удовольствие71 раз в книге
“That I certainly will, without fail,” cried Fyodor Pavlovitch, hugely delighted at the invitation.
sofa/ˈsoʊfə/диван, канапе, кушетка71 раз в книге
Father Zossima sat down on a very old-fashioned mahogany sofa, covered with leather …
weep/ˈwip/лить слёзы, плакать, рыдать70 раз в книге
He understood it, but that the elder Zossima was this saint and custodian of God’s truth —of that he had no more doubt than the weeping peasants and the sick women who held out their children to the elder.
murderer/ˈmɝdɝɝ/убийца, душегуб, киллер66 раз в книге
I, a thief and murderer, am the only true Christian Church.’
tremble/ˈtɹɛmbəɫ/дрожать, трепетать, трястись65 раз в книге
He trembled for him, for his glory, and dreaded any affront to him, especially the refined, courteous irony of Miüsov and the supercilious half-utterances of the highly educated Ivan.
positively/ˈpɑzətɪvɫi/положительно64 раза в книге
… the young man had an unmistakable influence over his father, who positively appeared to be behaving more decently and even seemed at times ready to obey his son, though often extremely and even spitefully perverse.
fancy/ˈfænsi/мечта, фантазия64 раза в книге
What gave the marriage piquancy was that it was preceded by an elopement, and this greatly captivated Adelaïda Ivanovna’s fancy.
utter/ˈətɝ/выговорить, выговаривать, говорить63 раза в книге
… slipped to the floor, tried to hide himself without uttering one word of abuse, enduring their insults in silence.
clever/ˈkɫɛvɝ/умный, изобретательный, искусный62 раза в книге
This habit, however, is characteristic of a very great number of people, some of them very clever ones, not like Fyodor Pavlovitch.
conscience/ˈkɑnʃəns/совесть62 раза в книге
… that he had acquired the keenest intuition and could tell from an unknown face what a newcomer wanted, and what was the suffering on his conscience.
fool/ˈfuɫ/дурачиться62 раза в книге
But, if you begin to play the fool I don’t intend to be associated with you here.
instant/ˈɪnstənt/немедленный61 раз в книге
The strange and instant healing of the frantic and struggling woman as soon as she was led up to the holy sacrament, which had been explained to me as due to malingering and the trickery of the “clericals,” arose probably in the most natural manner.
mamma/ˈmɑmə/мама60 раз в книге
“I told mamma you’d be sure not to go.
frighten/ˈfɹaɪtən/испугать, напугать, пугать59 раз в книге
… to accept everything without the least condemnation though often grieving bitterly: and this was so much so that no one could surprise or frighten him even in his earliest youth.
ruin/ˈɹuən/испортить, портить, разорить59 раз в книге
And would you believe it, it ruined our business!
nonsense/ˈnɑnsɛns/вздор, абсурд, ахинея57 раз в книге
An outer show elaborated through centuries, and nothing but charlatanism and nonsense underneath,” flashed through Miüsov’s mind.
unhappy/ənˈhæpi/несчастный56 раз в книге
In the end this unhappy young woman, kept in terror from her childhood …
tavern/ˈtævɝn/бар, закусочная, кабак55 раз в книге
In a short time he opened a great number of new taverns in the district.
aloud/əˈɫaʊd/громко54 раза в книге
All that time she was obtaining exact information as to her Sofya’s manner of life, and hearing of her illness and hideous surroundings she declared aloud two or three times to her retainers: “It serves her right.
jealous/ˈdʒɛɫəs/подозревающий соперничество в любви52 раза в книге
… You wanted to put me in prison because you are jealous of me with her, because you’d begun to force your attentions upon her …
coffin/ˈkɔfɪn/гроб, домовина52 раза в книге
Fyodor Pavlovitch could not show him where his second wife was buried, for he had never visited her grave since he had thrown earth upon her coffin, and in the course of years had entirely forgotten where she was buried.
bow/ˈbaʊ/кланяться, поклониться52 раза в книге
He only listened to Grigory’s minute and solemn account of the erection of the tomb; he stood with bowed head and walked away without uttering a word.
inquire/ˌɪnˈkwaɪɹ/спрашивать, справляться50 раз в книге
She did inquire about him, but she did not know the proper place to inquire.
Переводы: WikDict, English to Russian (Wiktionary, CC-BY-SA), with the Mueller dictionary for words it lacks Транскрипция: ipa-dict (MIT), по данным Викисловаря.
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